It was a warm April afternoon, the Arizona sun beating down on a
long line of cars waiting to cross into Arizona. U.S. Customs Inspector
Rodolfo Molina looked down the line, identifying the green Ford
Crown Victoria that had been described to him.
When the Ford arrived at Molina's gate, he nodded casually, allowing
it to pass without inspection. For his simple lack of scrutiny he
was paid handsomely, $20,000 in cash. The vehicle was later found
to be transporting cocaine with a street value estimated at more
than $10 million.
Inspector Molina, now serving 27 years in a federal prison, was
convicted of pocketing about $250,000 during three years working
as a traitor for Mexican drug cartels. His job was simple: to allow
vehicles loaded with drugs into Arizona.
Molina is one of more than 100 Border Patrol and Customs Service
agents who have been convicted of allowing vehicles packed with
illegal drugs to cross the U.S. border.
Even as immigration officials boast of more agents serving along
the border, drug-related corruption among existing agents is surfacing
at an alarming rate, according to both public records and expert
interviews. It's a dangerous trend that has gone unreported by most
Arizona media.
A Marked Man
The sun was setting, and U.S. Customs Special Agent Lee Morgan,
II was sitting in a Motel 6 in Douglas, Arizona, preparing to sell
about $20,000 in assault rifles to a drug cartel weapons buyer.
Morgan had packed the trunk of a late-model sedan with AK-47s.
When the representative of the cartel arrived and entered the motel
room, he surprised Morgan with a seemingly unlimited budget and
a desire for more than just guns. He also wanted Morgan to smuggle
grenades, rocket launchers and M-60 machine guns from the U.S. Army
base at Fort Huachuca.
Morgan was working undercover, posing as a corrupt military official.
The request confirmed his suspicion: drug cartels were buying U.S.
weapons from dirty Army and National Guard personnel.
In line with Morgan's suspicion, a single FBI sting in 2005 nabbed
71 National Guard and other federal agents smuggling narcotics into
Arizona, some of them even driving a government-issued Hummer loaded
with cocaine to a Phoenix resort.
"These are multi-billion dollar businesses," Morgan says
of the cartels. "Their financial resources are unlimited. They
know what time government agents wake up, where they work, what
kind of car their wife drives."
During his 20 years spent investigating corruption in Border Patrol
and Customs, Morgan was shot, burned, dragged and nearly killed.
In that time, he says he saw a steady increase in cartel corruption.
When he retired last year as a Special Agent, Morgan had a mental
list of inspectors, border town cops and Border Patrol agents who
he believed couldn't be trusted.
"You have to have a scorecard to keep track of who the bad
badges are and who the good guys are," Morgan says. "Just
don't write in ink because it could all change the next day."
Sitting today in the kitchen of his ranch house in north Texas,
Morgan has a .40 caliber Glock on his hip and a military assault
rifle leaning against the wall, both within fast reach. According
to DEA documentation, a cartel contract is still out on his life.
It doesn't help that he just published a 500-page memoir, The Reaper's
Line, detailing how the cartel's well-financed arms are reaching
further across the border. For those hoping to understand the U.S.
drug wars, Morgan's memoir may be the most revealing resource available.
He lifts the lid on a sun-sizzled pressure cooker packed with money,
sex, drugs and murder, a culture current government employees seem
less willing to reveal.
Spreading Like a Cancer
As border security has increased, so has the complex game of cat
and mouse. Perpetrators on both sides offer information for money
in a world of organized crime so ruthless it makes the notorious
Italian mafia look like a bunch of playground tusslers.
Assistant U.S. Attorney Kevin Rapp doesn't expect drug corruption
in Arizona to wane any time soon. Rapp, who supervises a team of
organized crime prosecutors, says the number of bribed officers
will continue to increase as thousands more are stationed on the
border.
"Statistically, the more people you have at the border, you
have a higher rate of interdiction," Rapp says, adding that
the problem may never let up because Arizona has become a distribution
hub for narcotics across North America.
"Arizona is just kind of a meat locker for the rest of the
country. The drugs come in here, but they're quickly transported
across to the eastern seaboard by a variety of techniques: tractor-trailers
and postal service," Rapp says.
No single agency, Border Patrol, Customs or otherwise, can be labeled
corrupt, but bribed individuals have been discovered within nearly
every agency, from dirty National Guard rookies to a drug-smuggling
sheriff and even a supervising FBI agent who enjoyed a country club
membership and lavish trips to Las Vegas all on a drug cartel's
dime.
Last year in Mexico, the blood war between competing cartels killed
more than 2,000 people, according to The Miami Herald.
In the midst of this chaos, rookie Customs and Border Patrol agents
are paid about $35,000 a year to stand in the Arizona heat, snagging
suspicious vehicles or booking illegal crossers. Often, bribes in
the tens of thousands of dollars for a single load are simply too
tempting. Whether it's $20,000 duct-taped in a trash bag, an attractive
Mexican girlfriend or a new truck, more agents and inspectors are
being bought off.
"It's a whole different world, the corruption," Morgan
says of the border now compared to 30 years ago, when he was a rookie
Border Patrol agent. "I've seen it grow and expand like a cancer.
The corruption used to be predominantly on the other side of the
border. Not any more."
Delilah and the Druglord
No one but Rodolfo Molina knows exactly where he was when he accepted
his first bribe as a Customs Inspector. But after a five-year investigation,
Lee Morgan at least knows how it started.
It could have been in a bar or at the grocery store that she first
bumped into him. She was tan, thin and flirtatious. Molina had no
way of knowing she worked for the largest drug trafficker in Mexico,
or that he'd been targeted as a susceptible agent.
Soon he was cheating on his wife. His new girlfriend started talking
to him about how he might make some big money. By the time Molina
fled Douglas with his girlfriend, he was so wrapped up in narcotics
that he continued working for the cartel.
Investigators found a steel safe in Molina's garage containing papers
with deposit figures scrawled in ink, $20,000, $10,000 totaling
nearly $250,000. Inside Molina's house they found an arsenal of
weapons, $2,000 stuffed in a phone book and $1,000 hidden in a bedroom
closet.
"It's a fact that the drug cartels keep up a stable of women,
who are recruited by the cartels to specifically work at hooking
inspectors, agents and law officers on the U.S. side of the border,"
Morgan says.
He says the pattern was almost too obvious during his investigations.
"Sooner or later the female approaches the inspector through
pillow talk, telling him about all the money he's missing out on,"
Morgan says.
"I could tell you of at least five agents and inspectors that
I worked on, just in Douglas alone, where that was the tactic,"
he says. All five are now serving time in federal prisons. None
would agree to be interviewed for this story.
Agents like Molina can make off with about a quarter-million dollars
or more, and if not for their extravagant lifestyles or obvious
affairs, they may never be caught. Morgan says the current justice
system takes far too long to prosecute dirty badges. All in all,
it took more than five years to prosecute Molina. When he was finally
arrested, the former Customs Inspector was wearing a baseball cap
with a marijuana leaf embroidered to the front.
"The cartel really covets and trusts these guys. They get really
high-dollar drug attorneys and drag out the trials," Morgan
says. "I had a carbon copy case on Molina's partner. He was
doing it all the same way. But the U.S. Attorney who prosecuted
Molina said, 'I just can't take another one. I can't prosecute another
one. The last one took 10 years.'"
"Plomo o Plata" (Lead or Silver)
Assistant U.S. Attorney Kevin Rapp says lengthy prosecutions are
simply the nature of organized crime.
"It's rare to have direct evidence on video or record of them
waving a vehicle through," Rapp says. "We may not be able
to prove drug trafficking. Most cases are circumstantial. For example,
if their lifestyle is well above what you'd expect for somebody
on an inspector or agent's salary."
Rapp has put more than one corrupt inspector behind bars by prosecuting
for tax fraud. In the case of Yuma resident Ronnie Brickey, Brickey
reported $31,415 in income but had actually spent $149,730.70 during
a tax year.
In the case of INS inspector Michael Craig Anderson, Rapp had to
wait several years until an informant recorded Anderson confessing
in a secret conversation. Anderson's wife was also in on the bribe,
helping him hide more than $200,000 in cash.
Sitting in his downtown Phoenix office, Rapp may seem physically
removed from the battle with drug cartel violence, but his request
not to have his photo printed for this story demonstrates he's well
aware of his violent opponents.
Morgan and Rapp have never met, but they share a common awareness
of the cartel's reach and power north of the border. They also share
an appreciation for the integrity of honest federal and state agents
who guard Arizona's border day and night.
"It's important, with public corruption, to remember that these
are only bad apples. They do not represent these agencies as a whole,"
Rapp says. "This corruption undermines a lot of others who
do a very good job. There are very, very good people who are standing
in 115 degrees every day, doing their best to protect the U.S. from
drug traffic and terrorist threats."
Looking out the kitchen window of his Texas ranch, Lee Morgan agrees.
Outside the blue violets are poking through a spring blanket of
Indian paintbrushes and tough green grass. That tranquility is contrasted
by Morgan's alert awareness of potential intruders. It's the cost
of standing up to a relentless opponent.
"'Plomo o plata' (lead or silver), that's what they say. We
can either kill you or we can pay you money, but you're not going
to stop us," Morgan says. "That's the way they do it in
Mexico. The plomo o plata attitude is bleeding over the border in
the U.S."