The first time Brittany Faylor woke up with a feeding tube in her
nose, she couldn't help but think it was never supposed to turn
out this way. Five-foot-six and 72 pounds, the 22-year-old still
couldn't see a problem with her diet or weight, but she'd been given
two choices: eat a small meal or insert the feeding tube. That was
easy enough, and the hose in her nostril wasn't nearly as uncomfortable
as she had expected.
Brittany hadn't struggled with eating or image in high school, even
while nearly half of her girlfriends purged, took laxatives or hyper-exercised.
Two years ago she weighed 115 pounds and led her university swim
team as a national athlete. After dropping forty-three pounds from
her already-slender frame, doctors say she'll die if she doesn't
gain weight. But Brittany stopped measuring her life in days at
least 40 pounds and thousands of calories ago.
Brittany Faylor is just one of thousands in Arizona and millions
across the U.S. battling eating disorders every day. This week,
at least two million women will stick their fingers down their throats
and vomit after eating. Another 750,000 will eat less than a banana
and a cup of yogurt, and a staggering 37,000 of them will die from
the disorder.
Even more common is the growing number of average-sized women damaging
their organs, bones, teeth and reproductive abilities by purging,
binging and hyper-exercising. Experts warn friends and family that
eating disorders are fatal, difficult to spot and on the rise nationally.
"Eating disorders are extremely prevalent here in the Valley," says
Amy Nygard of Remuda Ranch in Wickenburg, Arizona. Many consider
Remuda, with one of the largest inpatient capacities in the world,
the best help available for anorexics and bulimics.
Last year, Remuda opened a new facility for girls ages eight to
12 in response to hundreds of calls from parents of elementary students.
Forty-eight elementary school girls have already graduated from
the 60-day program. They comprise a growing number of the more than
7,000 anorexics and bulimics Remuda has treated over the past 16
years.
"It is getting younger and younger," says Sandy Richardson, a recovering
anorexic who speaks about eating disorders to teens and preteens.
"Every time I talk in high school classes, I have girls come up
who have an eating disorder."
Inside Remuda
Brittany's ribbon-decorated feeding tube traces the comforter on
her bed. Her two roommates also sleep with personalized blankets,
surrounded by tables of framed pictures and cards.
Now a patient at Remuda Ranch, Brittany rides in golf carts to pet
the horses or to go see her personal therapists. "Transportation,"
the staff calls the carts. Walking is exercise, a privilege earned
by the eaters.
"They only have weeks when they get here, the sickest of the sick,"
one staff member says as a transportation golf cart glides by with
three girls on board. Due to the severe conditions, Remuda must
often turn away many of the less-serious cases, referring them instead
to outpatient counselors.
On this day, the girls walking from building to building wrap themselves
in green Remuda blankets, their bodies lacking the essential, basic
fats to keep them warm. Many have seen fine hair grow on their bodies,
a biological compensation for their ailing state.
One group of anorexic and bulimic girls looks like a direct sampling
of skinny teens who could be strolling at an area mall.
Ill-Fated Blogs
Many of these girls have gained weight at other hospitals and clinics,
only to lose it even faster after leaving. "We focus on the cause
for the eating, not just the symptoms," Sphar says.
Psychologists say numerous motives drive eating disorders. Perhaps
most revealing, Web blogs written by anorexic girls offer a unique
and often guileless glimpse into the mindset of hundreds of girls
afflicted with the disease.
"I love posting pictures of the Olsen twins when they were average
size because I always feel like my body won't let me go past 104...but
I know I can," one anorexic teen writes next to a dated picture
of two healthy-looking Olsen twins.
For these girls, celebrities and models depicted as perfectly thin
often provide motivation to continue their weight loss pursuits,
regardless of the health risks.
"I'll get there," reads another caption under a rib- and sternum-bearing
Paris Hilton.
Here, on Web forums, ANA's (anorexics) and MIA's (bulimics) from
around the world encourage one another to ignore food, idolize celebrities
and to exercise.
"I've probably gained like a million pounds back and it's all because
of being forced to eat," writes Skeleton Goddess. "Tomorrow I AM
NOT having breakfast. I will PRETEND I had lunch. If my plan gets
ruined in any way, I don't know what I'm going to do."
"Good luck with your plan, girl. I hope it works out well! xx Lo,"
encourages another.
ANA and MIA are personified as close friends for victims of an isolating
and lonely mental disorder. One post, next to a tight pelvis shot
of hip bones draped in tan skin and a bikini bottom reads, "I'm
starting to see ANA through another light. At first, I thought of
ANA as someone with the perfect body…But now I know ANA is not only
that, but so much more. She knows how u feel. She's been there and
done that, failed at that and succeeded at that. She understands.
She knows how bad you want this and how much you would give just
to be her."
A new ANA from Phoenix writes, "I'm 14, almost into high school.
I am terrified, that I just found out, that I am fat. I know it
seems dumb, but I spent my whole life in denial and now it's time
to fight back."
Measuring Up
Val Gustin was 16 and a fit high school basketball star when her
father made a casual comment about her weight. "It turned into compulsion.
Then I went 21 days without food," Gustin says. Soon she was only
eating salads and throwing them up, running marathons on less than
500 calories a day.
On off days, Gustin ran 18 miles and took as many as 90 laxatives.
At Remuda for a second stay, she had only weeks to live. "Unfortunately,
death seemed like a good option. You get so stuck in the disease,
you don't see anything else. You don't have any hope for the future
or living a normal life," Gustin says. "I literally thought I was
going to die. That was a good option."
Once Gustin even tried running off the property at Remuda, but her
body was so weak she collapsed in an empty wash. A nurse carried
her back.
Fatal Triggers
Like other girls at Remuda, Brittany Faylor isn't allowed to read
her favorite celebrity or fitness magazines. She will earn the privilege
of walking after she reaches her first goal weight. Worse than the
isolation and restriction, Brittany has to eat. Registered dieticians
plan her meal choices, but she's convinced the huge quantities of
food will bloat her to enormous shapes and sizes.
Some of Remuda's patients are literally weeks from death. They were
not malnourished children. They were raised on juice boxes and cafeteria
lunches.
Medically, anorexia is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 17.5
percent fat or less. Remuda specialists say the average American
model flaunts a BMI of about 17 percent, while healthy, fit women
measure between 18.5 and 25 percent.
According to the National Eating Disorders Association, the average
American woman is 5'4" and weighs 140 pounds, while the average
American model is 5'11" and weighs 117 pounds.
Early in college, Brittany's swimming teammates would remind her
to cut her thin brown hair. She never seemed image-conscious to
her friends, some of whom envied her outgoing personality, soft
green eyes and way with boys.
Brittany's eating disorder didn't begin with feeding tubes or crying
pleas from family and physicians. For Brittany, it began with a
close friend's suicide and the ability to control at least one component
of her life. For her roommates at Remuda, a comment from dad and
a new diet experiment launched the girls into a prison of exercise
and starvation.
Carrying the Message
It's Thursday morning, and Sandy Richardson, a slim mother of two
teenage daughters, stands in a room of 200 dancers at Desert Vista
High School. The girls and a handful of boys sit on the ground as
Richardson flicks PowerPoint slides and explains her recovery from
anorexia.
"The media sexualizes women," Richardson says, flipping from a humorous
ad of a shirtless, fat man to a naked woman covered only by a Palm
Pilot. "Men in ads are allowed to get old and gray. Women are expected
to stay eternally young."
"Here's a Sports Illustrated cover with Tyra Banks in a bikini,"
she says. "Her torso has been stretched so she looks thinner. If
you look here below her belly button, you can see."
Some girls grow incensed as Richardson explains how unrealistic
the ideal body is for a healthy woman. She explains other photo
doctoring tricks. "This cover to Pretty Woman is only Julia Roberts
from the neck up."
Held for Ransom Richardson revisits her own eating disorder,
a diet-gone-wrong when she was a mother of two young girls. "I remember
waking up every morning saying, 'This is the day, I'm finally going
to exercise. I'm finally going to not eat.'" All the while the five-foot-seven
mother of two weighed less than 99 pounds. "I'd go to bed thinking,
'I'm such a loser. I'm going to eat right, going to exercise right.'"
Warning Signs of
an eating disorder:
Excessive facial/body hair
Preoccupation with food
Compulsive exercise
Absent or irregular menstruation
Sensitivity to cold
Swollen salivary glands
Hair loss
Broken blood vessels in the eyes
Abnormal weight loss
Use of laxatives, diuretics, diet pills |
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Today she asks the girls to define their value. "What makes you
who you are?" If it's only image and other people's opinions, Richardson
warns, a disorder may be close. "Just like women think they should
look this way, guys fall into the same trap, thinking girls should
look this way."
Life or Death Food Fights
For Val Gustin and Brittany Faylor, the fiercest battles are fought
at dining tables and in the privacy of their minds. Brittany finally
began gaining weight at Remuda, but felt like an egg on stilts.
Her personal physician, psychologist, nutritionist and therapist
have worked hard to convince her otherwise.
Gustin remembers secretly exercising at Remuda. "Me and some of
my housemates, we would try to hide food or even the butter for
the roll. We thought there was so much fat in that."
Eventually, the food brought life back to Gustin. "When my body
began getting nutrients, the difference in my energy level and how
I could communicate, the fact that my brain was working at a normal
pace was amazing to me. Once I started feeling that normality, I
knew I didn't want to return to how I was.
"I wouldn't have any of this if I had let the eating disorder take
my life. It's hard for those who haven't been in it to understand
the freedom of a normal life without this thing weighing on your
head, telling you, you have to do A, B, C, D to measure up to anyone's
expectations."
- About 40,000 women will die as the result
of an eating disorder in the U.S. this year.
- About 2,000 men and women will die from
heroin overdoses every year.
- About 2,200 men and women will die from
cocaine overdoses every year.
- Anorexia is the least common eating disorder.
About 37,279, or five-percent of the 745,590
female anorexics in the U.S., will eventually
die from their disorder.
Source: Harvard Eating Disorders
Center, NIDA Research Monographs, U.S. Census
Bureau, American Psychological Association Practice
Guideline, Remuda Ranch.
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Thousands of other stories don't have such happy endings. Half
of all anorexics will live the rest of their lives imprisoned
by the disease, and many of them will die.
Like drug or alcohol addiction, the battle will never be completely
over for any of these women. It is lurking, waiting for a bad
day, a weak moment.
February marks one year since Brittany chose the feeding tube
at Remuda Ranch. Two college friends drove her there personally
and left in tears.
Today Brittany is 23. She is home and healthy.
Now she swims again, though some days she questions her motivation.
She still struggles with image, wanting to trim a little, but
remains leery of the possible slide back into addiction. She has
no idea how much she weighs. She no longer owns a scale.
www.remudaranch.com
1.800.445.1900